2018年1月17日 星期三

英文講義--授與動詞


授與動詞

想想看,請說出下列句子中,哪些是「動詞」,哪些是「受詞」?
1.  Some worker built the new building on the roadside.

2.  We were eating breakfast with my brother.

3.  She watched an interesting movie in the theater.

再想想以下英文句子:
1.  我 給 你 錢。
    I gave you money. (you  後面還有  money)


2.  陳老師 給 John 一份很棒的禮物。
Mr. Chen gave John a nice gift. (John  後面還有  a nice gift)


3.  叔叔 給 宥潔 一本書。
The uncle gives Krystal a book. (Krystal  後面還有  a book)


觀念一: ! 有兩個受詞耶! 別急,先問問你自己……
        手先碰到you還是money?  手先碰到John還是 a nice gift?  
        手先碰到Krystal還是 a book?

所以,手先碰到的是            (Direct Objective, D.O.)
    而手後碰到的是            (Indirect Objective, I.O)

觀念二: to for 有何不同?
   

授與動詞
直接受詞
介係詞
間接受詞
ask(詢問)



  
of



    
give()lend()pay(支付)sell()send(寄送)show(顯示)teach()tell(告訴)write()take()

     to
buy()cook(作菜)choose(挑選)
find(找到)leave(留下)make(製作)bring(帶來)get(取得)sing(唱歌)

     for

例外:
我詢問老師一個英文的問題。
I asked an English question         my teacher.

例如:
我給你一枝筆。I give you a pen.  = I give a pen         you.
我寫一封信給他。I wrote him a letter. = I wrote a letter         him.
我寄卡片給他。I send him a card. = I send a card         him.
我借一本書給他。I lend him a book. = I lend a book         him.

例如:
    為了你,我買了一本書。 I bought a book         you.
    為了我媽媽,我寫一封信。 I wrote a letter         my Mom.
    為了宥潔,我唱了一首歌。 I sang a song         Krystal.
    為了宥潔, 阿嬤做了一頓晚餐。 The grandmother made a delicious meal        Krystal.

比較:
1.  My brother wrote a letter to my father. (對象是:        )
My brother wrote a letter for my father. (對象是:         )

2.  Krystal sang a song to her parents. (對象是:        )
Krystal sang a song for parents. (對象是:        )

3.  Patrick bought a new dress to Krystal. (對象是:        )
Patrick bought a new dress for Krystal. (對象是:        )

結論: to:表示「動作的方向」。只要有把東西從一方拿給或傳給另一方的,就用 to
      for:表示「為了」之意。
      然而,英文並非簡單的二分法,同學們還是要參考            

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